This data dictionary specifies data elements that are = used to describe the design, fabrication and inspection of weldments. It comprises welding information f= rom several authoritative sources. Data include description of component materials, details of joints and welds, and variables of the welding processes. The data dictionary provides, in one document, the welding informati= on needed to develop format specifications for digital data that can be exchan= ged by computer programs.

In 1992, welding information formats were described in= two American Welding Society (AWS) specifications, AWS A9.1- Standard Guide = for Describing Arc Welds in Computerized Material Property and Nondestructive Examination Databases, and AWS A9.2 - Standard Guide for Recording A= rc Weld Material Property and Nondestructive Examination Data in Computerized Databases. This document expands the scope of those documents and could serve as a core document if = an AWS committee undertakes a new specification project. Current individual AWS specifications are rich in terms and data items describing materials, design and processes. This data dict= ionary gathers the information in a single document, to be used by data modelers w= ith specific encoding formats in mind. Examples of format specifications are STEP and XML. The ultimate purpose is to facilit= ate exchange of welding data between application software programs developed by different vendors.

A Welding Data Dictionary

Scope

This document includes data describing design of welded products, design of weldments including detailed weld and joint description, arc welding process specification, and destructive weld inspection. Common welding documents that convey this information are welding procedure specifications (WPSs) and mechanical testing reports. T= hese documents are often implemented using hard copy or simple, but non-standard data formats. Variables of ot= her welding processes such as gas and laser welding have not been covered at th= is time.

Some of the variables and data types needed in standard welding procedure specifications (SWPSs) and procedure qualification records (PQRs) are not addressed. &nb= sp; Examples are ranges of allowed values (e.g., minimum and maximum all= owed current), conditions that are expressly not allowed, conditions that are optional, or multiple conditions that are allowed. These should be straightforw= ard extensions of the data elements and types already defined.

Also not addressed are overall formats for standard forms or standard test result reports. These are left to da= ta modelers according to the requirements of their customers. Appendix 1 lists many other = items that are not included in this document.&nb= sp; They are suggestions to committees of experts who could expand the d= ocument’s scope.

Purpose

A data dictionary is the starting point for developing specifications for data formats for digital welding data. It gathers relevant data in one pl= ace, establishes standard labels and descriptions of the items, and designates d= ata types to them. The purpose of= a standard data format is to enable independent computer programs (applicatio= ns) to exchange information with minimal or no cost and effort.

This document’s form is suitable for a formal st= andard to be used by many different manufacturing industries that use welding. The existence of a single data dictionary as source for data modeling will ease the challenge of gathering= the welding knowledge, and make implementations of different formats more consistent. Examp= le formats are STEP and XML. Consistency eases the challenge of converting between the differing = formats should it be necessary. Easy conversion between formats makes the decision of which format to use less critical. When da= ta modelers discover improvements to the model the changes can be reflected in= the high level data dictionary as well as to the implementation being worked on= at the time. This way other implementations can benefit from the improvement.

It is envisioned that welding standards documents that contain forms will use this data model to build their own structures to represent the form information. This will enable encoding of the information in a standa= rd format so it may be conveyed electronically and not be limited to hardcopy = or proprietary formats.

The data dictionary is written in English rather than a formal modeling language so that:

- = welding experts can unde= rstand the information and work on it to improve it without learning a computer language.

- = it can serve as the comm= on ground between welding experts and the data modelers who will develop detai= led specifications.

- = it is not biased toward = any particular encoding scheme.

This dictionary goes beyond presenting all elementary information units as a flat list. It suggests gathering of elements into frequently used groupings. These groupings are not rigid: data modelers or refiners of the data dictionary can ungroup or regroup as they = see fit. The groupings present the information in recognizable units that make understanding the document easi= er.

This data dictionary is not sufficient to specify the = design of a database or of a complete specification for standard data. Its terms and type definitions are= the building blocks that need to be supplemented by encoding rules, and relationships like those described in database tables.

Source Documents

These documents contain definitions of the variables, = or state the need for variables in report documents to describe welding produc= ts, processes or inspection results.

1. AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2002 – Bridge Welding Code.

2. ANSI/AWS A9.1-92, Standard Guide for Describing Arc Welds in Computerized Material Property and Nondestructive Examination Databases.

3. ANSI/AWS A9.2-92, Standard Guide for Recording Arc Weld Material Property and Nondestructive Examination Data in Computerized Databases.

4. ANSI/AWS A3.0: 2001, Standard Welding Ter= ms and Definitions.

5. AWS B1.10:1999, Guide for the Non-destruc= tive Examination of Welds.

6. AWS B2.1:2000, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification.

7. AWS B4.0M:2000, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds. Parts A, B and C were used. Parts D and E are not covered here.

8. AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2002 Structural Weldin= g Code – Steel. See especi= ally Annex E, Sample Welding Forms.

9. Jefferson's Welding Encyclopedia, 18^th Edition, American Welding Society, 19= 97.

Guidelines Used in Building the Data Dictionar= y

· The primary audience for this document is do= main experts in welding. They must= be able to understand its content and be able to refine and expand it, without needing computer programming experience.&n= bsp; The document then becomes a bridge between them and computer experts, who will encode the data and manipulate it in computer programs that serve = the welding experts.

· The item descriptions in this document should not be cited as formal definitions of terms. The descriptions are original, or = are shortened or paraphrased versions of formal definitions. The source documents, usually AWS = in origin, s= hould be used.

· Sources of most definitions are AWS documents.

· When values are shown as “enumeration = of:”, this means that only the listed values are allowed. This is a restrictio= n on the allowed values for the element.

· This data dictionary specifies, for some elements, hierarchical relationships of sub-elements, and enumerated values. Element grouping and enumeration are constraints on how the data can be used in a computer progr= am or in a digital file. The constraints promote increased consistency between different vendors’ implementations of products or of digital format specifications.

· The element naming convention of lower case words separated = by underscores was chosen to be human readable, and mildly suggesting future t= ags to be used in formal encoding. The convention is not intended to suggest a preference of one encodi= ng method over another.

· Some provisions are made for specifying units for measured variables, especially to distinguish between U.S. customary, or “inch-pound”, and International System of= Units (SI) usage. More examination = of the need and suggestions for values are needed from welding experts.

Sections of this Document

Weld Design Data describes the desired w= eld that joins two workpieces. It includes descriptions of the workpieces (e.g., thickness, material), the geometric relationship between the workpieces (e.g., tee, butt), the edge s= hapes of the workpieces to form a joint, and the desired properties of the weld, = such as size and degree of penetration. There are usually seve= ral different ways to produce a designed weld, e.g., by varying Welding Process Data such as welding process, number of passes, thickness of consumable, gas composition, etc. Testing and Inspec= tion Data is information gathered by measuring characteristics of the we= ld after it is made, usually to compare to the design data.

The appendices contain next-step information for data modelers, some high level background on the concept of standard data formats for welding, and suggestions for expansion of the scope of the next version= of this data dictionary.

Dictionary Field Definitions

· There are two kinds of dictionary entries, “element” and “type”. Types are data templates that are = reused in multiple elements. T= he prefix “p:” means primitive, one of Boolean, string, integer or decimal. An element is a unique chunk of information used in describing welding. The distinction between type= s and elements will be further refined in detailed data modeling – the major criterion is to make the model concise and understandable.

· Diagram - When an element has subelements, a sketch of its sub-elements is shown to aid understanding. Diagrams show only one level= of decomposition. Appendix 4 con= tains a few selected diagrams of multilevel diagrams. In the diagrams, the 3 short= bars in some boxes is an artifact of the documentation tool and is not relevant. The small= arrow in the lower left corner indicates that the element is defined globally, i.= e. it is independent of the element definition it appears in.

· Type – enumeration is used when there = is one choice from a list of simple values.&n= bsp; Choice of is used when there are several non-simple elements,= one of which must be picked.

· Values – this field appears only for enumerated types, showing the allowed values.

· Children – list of elements that are p= arts of this element.

· Used by – the name of elements that contain this element.

· Source – citation of a standard or industry handbook that lists the need for the information. When the source for a sub-el= ement is the same as its parent element, the source information is not repeated. =

· Description – prose description, or standard definition if one exists, to allow data modelers to select the appropriate elements for specific applications, forms and reports. It is an important task of w= elding experts, not data modelers, to develop precise descriptions.

· Underlined type and element names are links = that can be used in electronic documents for easy jumping to definitions.

The index below is included for use in electronic docu= ments that can use the links to the definitions. The types and elements are arranged in alphabetic order in each section.

Elements <= /o:p>	Types
base_metal	allied_processes
bend_test_bend_radius	arc_welding_processes
connection	bend_test_types
electrical_specification	brazing_processes
filler_metal	edge_shapes
fracture_crack_plane_orientation	fracture_toughness_test_methods
fracture_energy_absorbed	fracture_type_of_test_equipment
fracture_machine_notch_position	gas_flowrate_type
fracture_specimen_location	joint_types
gas_component	linear_dimension_range_type
hardness_indentor	linear_dimension_type_mm
hardness_load	mechanical_tests
hardness_location_of_impressions	other_welding_processes
hardness_test_result	oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes
hardness_test_types	resistance_welding_processes
heat_treatment	shear_specimen_types
joint_design	shielding_gas_type
joint_penetration	soldering_processes
mechanical_test	solid_state_welding_processes
nick_break_apparatus	soundness_test_types
preheat_and_interpass	temperature_type
shear_test_shear_strength	tension_specimen_types
shear_test_unit_shear_load	test_temperature
shielding_gas_for_procedure	weld_types
sub_assembly	welding_process_type
tension_test_data
test_fracture_appearance
test_fracture_location
test_LGBTFW_angle_of_fracture
test_LGBTFW_discontinuity
test_machine_serial_number
test_number_of_specimens
test_percent_elongation
test_postweld_mechanical_treatment
test_postweld_thermal_treatment
test_specimen_dimensions
test_specimen_location
test_specimen_orientation
test_technician_name
variables_specification
weld_details
weld_sizes
welding_position
welding_procedure_specification
weldment
workpiece

1. Weld Design Data

1.1&nb= sp; element base_metal

Diagram

Children

common_name m_numb= er = group_number = product_form = thickness = diameter specification_number = specification_version = specification_organization = UNS_number CAS_number = heat-lot_identification = composition = manufacturing_history servic= e_history applied_coating_specification

Used By

element

welding_procedure_specification

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.

Description=

The material that is being joined using a weld= .

1.1.1 element base_metal/common_name

Type=	p:string
Description=	The trade name, a name used without all the designations of the formal specification.

1.1.2 element base_metal/m_number

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9., section 5.1.1., and B2.1, glossary definition p. 2.
Description	A designation used to group base metals for procedure and performance quali= fications.

1.1.3 element base_metal/group_number

Type=	p:string
Description	A classification system for metal by material properties.

1.1.4 element base_metal/product_form

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	p= late
enumeration	b= ar
enumeration	s= heet
enumeration	t= ube
enumeration	p= ipe
enumeration	s= tructural - i beam
enumeration	s= tructural - other

Description

The form of the workpieces to be joined.

1.1.5 element base_metal/thickness

Type=	p:decimal
Description	Pla= te or sheet thickness, if tube, specifies wall thickness.

1.1.6 element base_metal/diameter

Type=	p:decimal
Description	Out= side diameter, only used if material is tube.=

1.1.7 element base_metal/specification_number

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1
Description	The standard designation of the formal material classification.

1.1.8 element base_metal/specification_version

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1
Description	Ver= sion of the specification used.

1.1.9 element base_metal/specification_organization

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1
Description	The organization responsible for generating the specification.

1.1.10 element base_metal/UNS_number

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1
Description	Uni= fied Numbering System for Metals and Alloys, managed by ASTM and SAE.

1.1.11 element base_metal/CAS_number

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1
Description	Che= mical Abstracts Service Registry Number, a unique identifier for substances iss= ued by the Chemical Abstracts Service.

1.1.12 element base_metal/heat-lot_identification

Type=	p:string
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.
Description	A unique identifier issued by a materials manufacturer assigned to manufacturing batches.

1.1.13 element base_metal/composition

Description	Det= ailed chemical composition, by elements. This Type needs expansion.
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.10

1.1.14 element base_metal/manufacturing_history

Type=

enumeration of p:s= tring

Values

enumeration	cold worked
enumeration	normalized
enumeration	annealed

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.11.1

Description

Mechanical manufacturing methods used to produce the welded material.

1.1.15 element base_metal/service_history

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	s= our crude
enumeration	n= eed expansion here

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.11.1

Description

The mechanical forming and heat treatment methods used to produce the stock material.

1.1.16 element base_metal/applied_coating_specification

Type=	p:string
Source	App= lies especially to AWS B4.0, section B2-9(1)
Description	Sta= ndard designation for the class of coating.&nb= sp;

1.2&nb= sp; element connection

Diagram	=
Children	joint_type weld joint_penetration weld_details
Used By	element sub_assembly
Source	Sou= rce: ISO 857 - section 3.1.4
Description	The joint formed by edge preparation of two workpieces and the weld that joins the workpieces together.

1.2.1 element connection/joint_type

Type=

joint_types

Values

enumeration	b= utt_joint
enumeration	c= orner_joint
enumeration	t= _joint
enumeration	l= ap_joint
enumeration	e= dge_joint
enumeration	f= langed_butt_joint
enumeration	f= langed_corner_joint
enumeration	f= langed_t_joint
enumeration	f= langed_lap_joint
enumeration	f= langed_edge_joint

Source

AWS A3.0, Figure 1 - Joint Types and definition of term.

Description

= 220;A weld joint classification based the relative orientation of the members b= eing joined.”

1.2.2 element connection/weld

Diagram	=
Children	weld_type singleOrDoubleSided
Source	AWS A3.0 definition.
Description=	A region of coalescence of materials produced by heating or pressure, that joins two pieces of metal.

1.2.2.1<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element connection/weld/= weld_type

Type=

weld_types

Values

enumeration	g= roove
enumeration	f= illet
enumeration	p= lug
enumeration	s= lot
enumeration	s= pot
enumeration	s= eam
enumeration	f= lange
enumeration	s= tud
enumeration	s= urfacing
enumeration	u= pset
enumeration	f= lash
enumeration	b= evelGroove
enumeration	f= lareBevelGroove
enumeration	d= oubleBevelGroove
enumeration	j= Groove
enumeration	s= ingleJGroove
enumeration	u= Groove
enumeration	s= ingleUGroove
enumeration	d= oubleUGroove
enumeration	v= Groove
enumeration	f= lareVGroove
enumeration	s= ingleVGroove
enumeration	d= oubleVGroove
enumeration	s= quareGroove
enumeration	e= dgeFlange
enumeration	b= raze
enumeration	p= rojection

Description=

Characterization of the designed weld, by geometry of the objects being joined and of the joint.

1.2.2.2<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element connection/weld/= singleOrDoubleSided

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	s= ingle_sided
enumeration	t= wo_sided

Source

See definiton of "double-welded joint", AWS A3.0, and Figures 8 and= 9.

Description=

Spe= cification of welding either from only one side or both sides of the joint.

1.3&nb= sp; type= edge_shapes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	s= quare_edge
enumeration	s= ingle_bevel_edge
enumeration	d= ouble_bevel_edge
enumeration	s= ingle_j_edge
enumeration	d= ouble_j_edge
enumeration	f= langed_edge
enumeration	r= ound

Source

AWS 3.0, Figure 7 - Edge Shapes

Description

Sha= pe of the edge of a single piece of base material made to form a joint with another piece of base material.

1.4&nb= sp; element joint_design

Diagram	=
Children	joint_geometry backing_description sketch_number
Used by	elements weld_details welding_procedure_specification
Source	Sou= rce: AWS 2.1:2000, 2.13.1 p. 20
Description	AWS 3.0, p. 19 :&= nbsp; "Detailed Description of mating configuration of two componen= ts, sufficient information for shop preparation of the components."=

1.4.1 element j= oint_design/joint_geometry=

Diagram	=
Children	units = root_opening = root_face = bevel1_angle = bevel2_angle = groove_angle depth_= of_bevel groove_radius
Source	AWS= 3.0 Definition, p. 19, and Figure 6, p. 45.
Description	Dim= ensions of joint root, bevel, and groove features.

1.4.1.1<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	m= illimeters
enumeration	i= nches

Description

Cho= ice of SI or U.S. Customary units for the linear dimensions.

1.4.1.2<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/root_opening

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS 3.0, Figure 6.

1.4.1.3<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/root_face

Type=	p:decimal
Source	See= AWS A3.0 definition, and Figure 5.
Description	= 220;That portion of the groove face within the joint root”.

1.4.1.4<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/bevel1_angle

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees. =

1.4.1.5<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/bevel2_angle

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees. =

1.4.1.6<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/groove_angle

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees

1.4.1.7<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/depth_of_bevel

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees

1.4.1.8<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/joint_geometry/groove_radius

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees

1.4.2 element joint_design/backing_description

Diagram	=
Children	backing_used backing_type back_weld_preparation
Description	AWS A3.0: "Material placed against the back side of the joint to support= and retain molten weld metal".

1.4.2.1<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/backing_description/backing_used

Type=	p:boolean
Description	Boo= lean stating if backing is required for the weld.

1.4.2.2<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/backing_description/backing_type

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	n= one
enumeration	s= trip
enumeration	s= trap
enumeration	r= ing
enumeration	s= plit-pipe
enumeration	w= eld/sealing run
enumeration	c= onsumable insert
enumeration	c= opper bar
enumeration	n= on metallic
enumeration	r= etaining shoes
enumeration	f= lux backing
enumeration	b= acking tape
enumeration	r= efractory material
enumeration	b= acking_not_alllowed(for PQR)

Source

Sou= rce: Welding Handbook, V2, pp. 58, 218, 274. Jefferson's Welding Encycloped= ia, p. 46, ISO 9692, ISO 17659.

Description

Most backing Types do not apply to all Types of welding, and should be restric= ted to the appropriate welding technology (by further refining the definition= s, e.g., shoes are typically slag welding only).

1.4.2.3<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> element joint_design/backin= g_Description/back_weld_preparation

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	n= one
enumeration	g= ouging
enumeration	c= hipping

Description

AWS A3.0: "Removal of weld= metal and base metal from the weld root side of a joint for subsequent welding = from that side".

1.4.3 element joint_design/sketch_number

Type=	p:string
Description	Ref= erence to a sketch of the joint design, the drawing number.

1.5&nb= sp; element joint_penetration

Diagram	=
Children	complete_or_partial = units = root_penetration = groove_weld_size incomplete_joint_penetration weld_size weld_size_E1 weld_size_E2 = depth_of_fusion
Used By	element connection
Source	AWS A3.0, Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure 30 - Fusion We= lds
Description	Var= ious dimensions of penetration of the weld into the base materials.

1.5.1 element joint_penetration/complete_or_partial

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	c= ompletePenetration
enumeration	p= artialPenetration

Description

The weld design calls for partial or complete penetration. =

1.5.2 element joint_penetration/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration	m= illimeters
enumeration	i= nches

Description

Sel= ection of SI or U.S. Customary units for linear measurements. =

1.5.3 element joint_penetration/root_penetration

Type=	p:decimal
Source	AWS A3.0, definition, and Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figur= e 30 - Fusion Welds
Description	= 220;The distance the weld metal extends into the root joint”.

1.5.4 element joint_penetration/groove_weld_size

Type=	p:decimal
Source	AWS A3.0, Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure 30 - Fusion We= lds
Description	= 220;The joint penetration of a groove weld”.

1.5.5 element joint_penetration/incomplete_joint_penetration

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0 definition, and Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure= 30 - Fusion Welds

1.5.6 element joint_penetration/weld_size

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure = 30 - Fusion Welds

1.5.7 element joint_penetration/weld_size_E1

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure = 30 - Fusion Welds

1.5.8 element joint_penetration/weld_size_E2

Type=	p:decimal
Description	See= AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure = 30 - Fusion Welds

1.5.9 element joint_penetration/depth_of_fusion

Type=	p:decimal
Source	AWS= 3.0 definition, and Figure 26 - "Joint Penetration...", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds
Description	= 220;The distance that fusion extends into the base metal or the previous bead from the surface melted during welding”.

1.6&nb= sp; type= joint_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element <= /span>

connection/joint_type

Values

enumeration	b= utt_joint
enumeration	c= orner_joint
enumeration	t= _joint
enumeration	l= ap_joint
enumeration	e= dge_joint
enumeration	f= langed_butt_joint
enumeration	f= langed_corner_joint
enumeration	f= langed_t_joint
enumeration	f= langed_lap_joint
enumeration	f= langed_edge_joint

Source

AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 2, p. 42

Description

= 220;A weld joint classification based on relative orientation of members being joined”.

1.7&nb= sp; type linear_dimension_range_type

Diagram	=
Children	units = minimum = maximum
Description=	Inclusive limits on dimension of a material, e.g., thickness of base plate.

1.7.1 element linear_dimension_range_type/units<= /b>

Type=

enumeration of p:string

values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

enumeration

g= auge

Description=

Choice of units to describe a linear dimension.

1.7.2 element linear_dimension_ra= nge_type/minimum

Type=

p:decimal

Description=

Inclusive minimum limit.

1.7.3 element linear_dimension_range_type/maximu= m

Type=

p:decimal

Description=

Inclusive maximum limit.

1.8&nb= sp; type linear_dimension_type_mm

Diagram

=

Children

units dimens= ion

Used by

elements =

variables_specification/contact_tube_to_work_distance variables_specification/stickout

Description=

Specifies U.S. Customary or SI units for linear measurement of dimensions less than= 500 mm. Contrast to units that = would be used to measure, e.g., length of weld bead deposited per hour.

1.8.1 element linear_dimension_ty= pe_mm/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

Description=

Choice of SI or U.S. Customary units.

1.8.2 element linear_dimension_ty= pe_mm/dimension

Type=

p:decimal

Description=

The scalar quantity of the measurement. <= /o:p>

1.9&nb= sp; element sub_assembly

Diagram

=

Children

workpiece connec= tion

Used By

element <= /span>

weldment

Source

Wel= ding Handbook, Vol. 1, p. 136.

Description

Two workpieces joined by a weld.   Identifies simple weldments that can be joined to form a larger mo= re complicated weldment.

1.10&n= bsp; element weld_details

Diagram

=

Children

joint_design    weld_sizes    number_of_passes

Used By

element connection

Source

No standards Source for this parameter.   See definition of "we= lding variable" in AWS B2.1.

Description

Inf= ormation describing the joint and the geometric parameters of the designed weld. <= o:p>

1.10.1 element weld_details/number_of_passes

Type=

p:integer

Description

Num= ber of times needed to deposit weld metal to complete the weld.

1.11&n= bsp; element weld_sizes

Diagram

=

Children

units size = actual_throat   = effective_throat    leg1_and_size   = leg2_and_size theore= tical_throat     convexity&nbs= p; concavity    incomplete_fusion    depth_of_fusion

Used By

element weld_details

Source

AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

Description

Lin= ear dimensions of cross sectional weld features.   Sizes are of design and ac= tual features.

1.11.1 element weld_sizes/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

Description

Cho= ice of SI or U.S. Customary linear measurement units.

1.11.2 element weld_sizes/size

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Siz= e of a single weld bead. See AWS= 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.3 element weld_sizes/actual_throat

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.4 element weld_sizes/effective_throat

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.5 element weld_sizes/leg1_and_Size

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.6 element weld_sizes/leg2_and_size

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.7 element weld_sizes/theoretical_throat

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.8 element weld_sizes/convexity

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.9 element weld_sizes/concavity

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.10 element weld_sizes/incomplete_fusion

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.11.11 element weld_sizes/depth_of_fusion

Type=

p:decimal

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

1.12&n= bsp; element weldment

Children

One or more instances of sub_assembly

Source

AWS A3.0

Description

&qu= ot;An assembly whose component parts are joined by welding"

1.13&n= bsp; element workpiece

Used By

element <= /span>

sub_assembly

Description

This element describes a piece of metal, its material, geometric properties and boundaries, including its edge shape for the welded joint.   A workpiece can be a single piece of plate, or a previously assembled weldment. The scope of this data is beyond= this welding data dictionary. Th= is element represents an interface with CAD applications.

1.14&n= bsp; type= weld_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element <= /span>

connection/weld/weld_type

Values

enumeration

g= roove

enumeration

f= illet

enumeration

p= lug

enumeration

s= lot

enumeration

s= pot

enumeration

s= eam

enumeration

f= lange

enumeration

s= tud

enumeration

s= urfacing

enumeration

u= pset

enumeration

f= lash

enumeration

b= evelGroove

enumeration

f= lareBevelGroove

enumeration

d= oubleBevelGroove

enumeration

j= Groove

enumeration

s= ingleJGroove

enumeration

u= Groove

enumeration

s= ingleUGroove

enumeration

d= oubleUGroove

enumeration

v= Groove

enumeration

f= lareVGroove

enumeration

s= ingleVGroove

enumeration

d= oubleVGroove

enumeration

s= quareGroove

enumeration

e= dgeFlange

enumeration

b= raze

enumeration

p= rojection

Source

AWS= 3.0 - Figures 8, 9, 15, and AWS A9.1 - Table1

Description

Cla= ssification of the weld by its joint configuration.

2.      Welding Process Data

2.1&nb= sp; type= allied_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element <= /span>

welding_process_type/allied_process

Values

enumeration

o= xygen_cutting(OC)

enumeration

a= rc_cutting(AC)

enumeration

o= ther_cutting

Source

AWS 3.0, Figure 54b – Master Chart of Allied Processes

Description

Pro= cesses, used by manufacturers that also use welding.

2.2&nb= sp; type arc_welding_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string=

Used By

element welding_process_type/arc_welding_process

Values

enumeration

a= tomicHydrogenWelding(AHW)

enumeration

b= areMetalArcWelding(BMAW)

enumeration

c= arbonArcWelding(CAW)

enumeration

c= arbonArcWeldingGas(CAW-G)

enumeration

c= arbonArcWeldingShielded(CAW-S)

enumeration

e= lectrogasWelding(EGW)

enumeration

e= lectroSlagWelding(ESW)

enumeration

g= asMetalArcWelding(GMAW)

enumeration

g= asTungstenArcWelding(GTAW)

enumeration

p= lasmaArcWelding(PAW)

enumeration

s= hieldedMetalArcWelding(SMAW)

enumeration

s= tudArcWelding(SW)

enumeration

s= ubmergedArcWelding(SAW)

enumeration

s= ubmergedArcWeldingSeries(SAW-S)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.3&nb= sp; type= brazing_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element welding_process_type/brazing_process=

Values

enumeration

b= lock_brazing(BB)

enumeration

d= iffusion_brazing(CAB)

enumeration

d= ip_brazing(DB)

enumeration

e= xothermic_brazing(EXB)

enumeration

f= low_brazing(FLOW)

enumeration

f= urnace_brazing(FB)

enumeration

i= nduction_brazing(IB)

enumeration

i= nfrared_brazing(IRB)

enumeration

r= esistance_brazing(RB)

enumeration

t= orch_brazing(TB)

enumeration

t= win_carbon_arc_brazing(TCAB)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.4&nb= sp; element electrical_specification

Diagram

=

Children

current_value   = voltage_value   = other_reference_work_value    current_type    polarity transfer_mode   = tungsten_electrode_specification    tungsten_electrode_classification tungsten_electrode_diameter

Used By

element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8

Description

For= arc welding only, the values and types of current used.

2.4.1 element electrical_specific= ation/current_value

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (1)

Description

Cur= rent used for a procedure, or current specified (units are amperes).

2.4.2 element electrical_specific= ation/voltage_value

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (2)

Description

The voltage to be maintained by the power source, measured between the electr= ode and the workpiece.   Un= its are volts.

2.4.3 element electrical_specific= ation/other_reference_work_value

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Com= manded variable level for use by various control modes, especially synergic. Units could be WFS, with current levels determined by the intelligent power source.

2.4.4 element electrical_specific= ation/current_type

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

c= onstant_current

enumeration

c= onstant_voltage

enumeration

p= ulsed

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (1)

Description

The flow of current implemented by the power source.

2.4.5 element electrical_specific= ation/polarity

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

D= CEP

enumeration

D= CEN

enumeration

A= C

enumeration

P= ULSED

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (1)

Description

The electrical polarity between the electrode and the workpiece, in direct current arc welding.

2.4.6 element electrical_specific= ation/transfer_mode

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

s= pray

enumeration

g= lobular

enumeration

s= hort circuit

enumeration

n= ot applicable

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (5)

Description

The method for causing molten weld metal to leave the consumable electrode and enter the weld pool.

2.4.7 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_specification<= /h3>

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8, and AWS A5.12.

Description

Des= cription of the electrode’s chemical composition, and length and diameter. <= o:p>

2.4.8 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_classification=

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8, and AWS A5.12.

Description

The name of a formal AWS or ISO class, determined by the chemical composition.

2.4.9 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_diameter

Type=

linear_dimension_type_mm

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8

Description

Dia= meter of the electrode.

2.5&nb= sp; element filler_metal

Diagram

=

Children

filler_form classi= fication specif= ication size_o= r_diameter nomina= l_composition f_numb= er a_number = ; flux_classification   = supplemental_filler_metal    consumable_insert consumable_insert_type    consumable_guide     supplemental_deoxidant

Used By

element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>

Source

AWS B2.1, Section 2.13.3

Description

AWS A3.0 definition: "Meta= l or alloy added in making a ... joint".

2.5.1 element filler_metal/filler_form

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

w= ire

enumeration

w= ire_coiled

enumeration

w= ire_spooled

enumeration

r= ound_wire

enumeration

r= ectangular_wire

enumeration

s= trip_coiled

enumeration

s= trip_spooled

enumeration

r= ound_wire

enumeration

r= od

enumeration

r= od_rectangular

enumeration

r= od_round

enumeration

p= owder_and_paste

enumeration

f= oil

enumeration

s= heet

Source

AWS=

Description

Phy= sical shape of the filler metal and of its bulk configuration.

2.5.2 element filler_metal/classification

Type=

p:string

Description

A formal AWS or ISO designation assigned according to the chemical composit= ion.

2.5.3 element filler_metal/specification

Type=

p:string

Description

A designation including composition and physical properties of the filler metal.

2.5.4 element filler_metal/size_or_diameter

Type=

linear_dimension_type_mm

Description

Dia= meter of round metal, or dimensions of prismatic sha= ped metal.

2.5.5 element filler_metal/nominal_composition

Type=

p:string

Description

Use only if a formal classification is not used.

2.5.6 element filler_metal/f_number

Type=

p:string

Description

AWS B2.1 definiton: "A designation used to group welding filler metal for procedure and performance qualifications".

2.5.7 element filler_metal/a_number

Type=

p:string

Description

AWS B2.1 definition: "a designation to classify ferrous weld metal for procedure qualification based upon chemical composition".

2.5.8 element filler_metal/flux_classification

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

n= one

enumeration

s= olid/metal core

enumeration

f= lux_cored

enumeration

p= owder_cored

Description

The formal classification of the flux. = e.g., ANSI/AWS A5.20 describes classes for carbon steel electrodes= for flux cored arc welding.

2.5.9 element filler_metal/supplemental_filler_metal

Type=

p:s= tring

Description

Spe= cification of a filler metal used in addition to a consumable electrode. =

2.5.10 element filler_metal/use_consumable_insert

Type=

p:boolean

Description

Boo= lean stating whether a consumable insert is required or specified.<= /span>

2.5.11 element filler_metal/consumable_insert_type=

Type=

p:string

Description

Specification of the material property and its size.

2.5.12 element filler_metal/consumable_guide

Type=

p:string

Description

Material used to contain the weld pool that is melted and becomes part of the weld.

2.5.13 element filler_metal/supplemental_deoxidant

Type=

p:s= tring

Description

Mat= erial added to reduce formation of compounds of oxygen during welding.

2.6&nb= sp; element gas_component

Diagram

=

Children

gas_chemical_name     gas_percentage

Used By

type shielding_gas_type

Source

ANS= I/AWS A9.1, section 5.1.7

Description

A single gas element of a mixture and its percentage of the mixture by weig= ht.

2.6.1 element gas_component/gas_chemical_name

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

a= rgon

enumeration

c= arbon dioxide

enumeration

h= elium

enumeration

h= ydrogen

enumeration

o= xygen

Description

Nam= e of a single element or compound of gas.

2.6.2 element gas_component/gas_percentage

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Per= centage by weight this gas occupies of the total gas mixture. <= /p>

2.7&nb= sp; type= gas_flowrate_type

Diagram

=

Children

units   = flow_rate

Used By

elements =

shielding_gas_for_procedure/backing_gas_flowrate shielding_gas_for_procedure/torch_shielding_g= as_flowrate shielding_gas_for_procedure/trailing_shieldin= g_gas_flowrate

Description

Flow rate in either U.S. Customary or SI units.

2.7.1 element gas_flowrate_type/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

l= iters per minute

enumeration

c= ubic feet per hour

2.7.2 element gas_flowrate_type/flow_rate

Type=

p:decimal

2.8&nb= sp; element heat_treatment

Diagram

=

Children

preweld_temperature     preweld_time     max_interpass_temperature PWHT_minimum_temperature      PWHT_maximum_termperature      PWHT_hold_time

Used By

element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.6. Discu= ssion of preheat in Welding Handbook, V2, pp. 206, 253-255

Description

Des= cription of the heating of a joint (if required) before or after welding, or of maximum or minimum required temperatures to be maintained during welding = to improve or maintain desireable properties of the base metal or of the wel= d.

2.8.1 element heat_treatment/preweld_temperature

Diagram

=

Type=

temperature_type

Children

units     value

Source

AWB B2.1, section 2.13.5 (1).

Description

Req= uired temperature of base material before welding begins.

2.8.2 element heat_treatment/preweld_time

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5 (3).

Description

Time base materials must be held at the required temperature. Need details on preferred units,= e.g., whole minutes, decimal minutes, minutes + seconds.

2.8.3 element heat_treatment/max_interpass_temperature

Diagram

=

Type=

temperature_type

Children

units     value

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5 (2), and AWS A3.0 definition.

Description=

The maximum allowed temperature of the weld area between weld passes of a multipass weld.

2.8.4 element heat_treatment/PWHT_minimum_temperature

Diagram

=

Type=

temperature_type

Children

units     value

Description

Min= imum temperature that must be maintained during heat treatment.

2.8.5 element heat_treatment/PWHT_maximum_termperature

Diagram

=

Type=

temperature_type

Children

units     value

Description

Max= imum allowed temperature during heat treatment.

2.8.6 element heat_treatment/PWHT_hold_time

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.6 (1).

Description

Uni= ts: minutes

2.9&nb= sp; type other_welding_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element welding_process_type/other_welding_process<= /span>

Values

enumeration

e= lectron_beam_welding(EBW)

enumeration

e= lectroslag_welding(ESW)

enumeration

f= low_welding(FLOW)

enumeration

i= nduction_welding(IW)

enumeration

l= aser_beam_welding(LBW)

enumeration

p= ercussion_welding(PEW)

enumeration

t= hermite_welding(TW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.10&n= bsp; type oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element <= /span>

welding_process_type/oxyfuel_gas_welding_process

Values

enumeration

a= ir_acetylene_welding(AAW)

enumeration

o= xyacetylene_welding(OAW)

enumeration

o= xyhydrogen_welding(OHW)

enumeration

p= ressure_gas_welding(PGW)

Description

See= AWS A3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes

2.11&n= bsp; element preheat_and_interpass

Diagram

=

Children

preheat_minimum_temperature   = interpass_temperature_maximum     preheat_maintenance

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5

Description

Req= uirement for temperature of the base metal in the welding area immediately before = welding, and requirement between weld passes. <= /o:p>

2.11.1 element preheat_and_interpa= ss/preheat_minimum_temperature

Diagram

=

Type=

temperature_type

Children

units     value

Description

Low= est allowed temperature immediately before welding.

2.11.2 element preheat_and_interpa= ss/interpass_temperature_maximum

Diagram

=

Type=

temperature_type

Children

units     value

Description

Hig= hest allowed temperature between welding passes, before another pass may be ma= de.

2.11.3 element preheat_and_interpa= ss/preheat_maintenance

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

c= ontinuous

enumeration

s= pecial heating not required

Description

Met= hod of applying heat to insure weldment stays above minimum allowed temperatu= re.

2.12&n= bsp; type resistance_welding_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element <= /span>

welding_process_type/resistance_welding_process

Values

enumeration

f= lash_welding(FW)

enumeration

p= rojection_welding(PW)

enumeration

r= esistance_spot_welding(RSW)

enumeration

r= esistance_weam_welding(RSEW)

enumeration

u= pset_welding(UW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.13&n= bsp; element shielding_gas_for_procedure

Diagram

=

Children

use_torch_shielding_gas     torch_shielding_gas      torch_shielding_gas_flowrate use_backing_gas      backing_gas      backing_gas_flowrate      use_trailing_gas tra= iling_shielding_gas      trailing_shielding_gas_flowrate

Used By

element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.7

Description

Des= cription of applicable gas composition and flowrates, including torch gas shieldin= g, backing gas, and trailing gas.

2.13.1 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/use_to= rch_shielding_gas

Type=

p:boolean

Description

Tor= ch shielding gas is/is not required or specified.

2.13.2 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/torch_= shielding_gas

Diagram

=

Type=

shielding_gas_type

Children

gas_component     common_name designat= ion

Description

Com= position of shielding gas expelled from a nozzle in the welding torch. =

2.13.3 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/torch_= shielding_gas_flowrate

Diagram

=

Type=

gas_flowrate_type

Children

units     flow_rate

Description

Flow rate of shielding gas required or specified.

2.13.4 element shielding_gas_for_p= rocedure/use_backing_gas

Type=

p:boolean

Description

Bac= king gas is/is not required or specified.

2.13.5 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/backin= g_gas

Diagram

=

Type=

shielding_gas_type

Children

gas_component    common_name    designation

Description=

Specification of the component gases of the mixture.

2.13.6 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/backin= g_gas_flowrate

Diagram

=

Type=

gas_flowrate_type

Children

units    flow_rate

Description

Flo= wrate of backing gas.

2.13.7 element shielding_gas_for_p= rocedure/use_trailing_gas

Type=

p:boolean

Description

Tra= iling shielding gas is/is not required or specified.

2.13.8 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/traili= ng_shielding_gas

Diagram

=

Type=

shielding_gas_type

Children

gas_component     common_name     designation

Description

Com= position or identification of trailing gas.

2.13.9 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/traili= ng_shielding_gas_flowrate

Diagram

=

Type=

gas_flowrate_type

Children

units    flow_rate

Description

Flo= wrate of trailing gas during welding.

2.14&n= bsp; type= shielding_gas_type

Diagram

=

Children

gas_component     common_name   = designation

Used By

elements =

shielding_gas_for_procedure/backing_gas shielding_gas_for_procedure/torch_shielding_g= as shielding_gas_for_procedure/trailing_shieldin= g_gas

Description

Des= cription of a gas or gas mixture used for shielding in arc welding.

2.14.1 element shielding_gas_type/= common_name

Type=

p:string

Description

Tra= de name for the gas mixture.

2.14.2 element shielding_gas_type/= designation

Type=

p:string

Description

Spe= cification according to AWS classification by chemical composition of the gas mixtur= e.

2.15&n= bsp; type soldering_processes

Type=

p:string

Used By

element <= /span>

welding_process_type/soldering_process

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.16&n= bsp; type solid_state_welding_processes

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Used By

element welding_process_type/solid_state_welding_proces= s

Values

enumeration

c= oextrusion_welding(CEW)

enumeration

c= old_welding(CW)

enumeration

d= iffusion_welding(DFW)

enumeration

e= xplosion_welding(EXW)

enumeration

f= orge_welding(FOW)

enumeration

f= riction_welding(FRW)

enumeration

h= ot_pressure_welding(HPW)

enumeration

u= ltrasonic_welding(USW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.17&n= bsp; type= temperature_type

Diagram

=

Children

units    value

Used By

elements =

preheat_and_interpass/interpass_temperature_maximum heat_treatment/max_interpass_temperature = preheat_and_interpass/preheat_minimum_temperatur= e heat_treatment/preweld_temperature heat_treatment/PWHT_maximum_termperature heat_treatment/PWHT_minimum_temperature=

Description

Spe= cifies temperature units and the value.

2.17.1 element temperature_type/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

f= ahrenheit

enumeration

c= entigrade

Description

Cho= ice of U.S. Customary or SI units.

2.17.2 element temperature_type/value

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Num= eric value.

2.18&n= bsp; element variables_specification

Diagram

=

Children

welding_process   = method_of_application   = electrode_configuration   number_of_passes contact_tube_to_work_distance   = stickout   = cleaning_requirement flux peening_requirement = weld_bead_type   = travel_speed   = travel_angle   = work_angle   = wire_feed_speed   = progression

Used By

element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9

Description

Det= ailed information in a WPS that supplements the basic parameters.

2.18.1 element variables_specifica= tion/welding_process

Diagram

=

Type=

welding_process_type

Children

arc_welding_process    brazing_process    other_welding_process oxyfuel_gas_welding_process    allied_process    resistance_welding_process soldering_process    solid_state_welding_process

Source

AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

Description

The standard classification of the welding process.

2.18.2 element variables_specifica= tion/method_of_application

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= anual

enumeration

s= emiautomatic

enumeration

m= echanized

enumeration

a= utomatic

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9

Description

The means of manipulating the welding electrode, either by person or machine.=

2.18.3 element variables_specifica= tion/electrode_configuration

Diagram

=

Children

number_of_electrodes      electrode_spacing

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9(2)

Description

For non-manual welding, use of single or multiple electrodes

2.18.3.1= element variables_specification/electrode_configuration/number_of_electrodes=

Type=

p:integer

Description=

Number of electrodes that conduct welding curr= ent simultaneously.

2.18.3.2= element variables_specification/electrode_configuration/electrode_spacing

Diagram

=

Children

units    spacing

Description=

Distance between electrodes at point of entry = to the weld pool, measured from center to center.

2.18.3.2= .1 element variables_specifica= tion/electrode_configuration/electrode_spacing/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

2.18.3.2= .2 element variables_specification/electrode_configuration/electrode_spacing/spacin= g

Type=

linear_dimension_type_mm

Description=

Distance from center to center between dual electrodes.

2.18.4 element variables_specifica= tion/number_of_passes

Diagram

=

Children

single_or_multipass    passes

Description

Num= ber of times a weld bead is laid down in a joint.

2.18.4.1= element variables_specification/number_of_passes/single_or_multipass

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

s= ingle_pass

enumeration

m= ulti_pass

2.18.4.2 element variables_specification/number_of_passes/passes

Type=

p:integer

2.18.5 element variables_specifica= tion/contact_tube_to_work_distance

Diagram

=

Type=

linear_dimension_type_mm

Children

units    dimension

Source

AWS A3.0, Figure 38.

Description

In = gas metal arc welding, the distance from the end of the contact tube to the m= etal being joined.

2.18.6 element variables_specifica= tion/stickout

Diagram

=

Type=

linear_dimension_type_mm

Children

units     dimension

Source

AWS A3.0 definition, and= Figure 38 - GMAW Gun Nomenclature.

Description

= 220;The length of electrode extending beyond the end of the gas nozzle.”

2.18.7 element variables_specifica= tion/cleaning_requirement

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9 (5)

Description

Req= uired method of cleaning before welding, done to ensure weld quality.

2.18.8 element variables_specifica= tion/flux

Diagram

=

Children

specification    common_name

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.5

Description

Spe= cification of the flux required or used.

2.18.8.1= element variables_specification/flux/specification

Type=

p:string

Description=

AWS or ISO designation for the flux compositio= n.

2.18.8.2= element variables_specification/flux/common_name

Type=

p:string

2.18.9 element<= /span> variables_specification/peening_re= quirement

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9 (6).

Description

Sta= tement of type of hammered working of the completed weld metal needed, if any. <= o:p>

2.18.10 element variables_specifica= tion/weld_bead_type

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

s= tringer bead

enumeration

w= eave bead

Source

AWS A3.0 - Figure 22, AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9

Description

A b= ead produced by straight line motion or oscillation of the torch. =

2.18.11 element variables_specifica= tion/travel_speed

Diagram

=

Children

units    speed

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9

Description

Spe= ed of the torch during welding.

2.18.11.= 1 element variables_specification/travel_speed/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

i= nches per minute

enumeration

m= illimeters per minute

Description=

Choice of U.S. Customary or SI units.

2.18.11.= 2 element variables_specification/travel_speed/speed

Type=

p:decimal

Description=

Linear velocity of the torch in relation to the workpiece.

2.18.12 element variables_specifica= tion/travel_angle

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.2.5.9

Description

AWS A3.0 definition: "The angle between the electrode axis and a line perpendicular to the weld axis".

2.18.13 element variables_specifica= tion/work_angle

Diagram

=

Children

push_or_drag     angle

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.2.5.9.

Description

AWS A3.0 definition: "The angle between a line perpendicular to the major workpiece surface and a plane determined by the electrode axis and the we= ld axis"

2.18.13.= 1 element variables_specification/work_angle/push_or_drag

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

p= ush

enumeration

d= rag

2.18.13.= 2 element variables_specification/work_angle/angle

Type=

p:decimal

2.18.14 element variables_specifica= tion/wire_feed_speed

Diagram

=

Children

units    speed

Source

Wel= ding Handbook, V2, p. 116 "GMAW Process Variables".

Description

ANS= I/AWS A3.0 definition: "The rate at which wire is consumed.."

2.18.14.= 1 element variables_specification/wire_feed_speed/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters per second

enumeration

i= nches per minute

2.18.14.= 2 element variables_specification/wire_feed_speed/speed

Type=

p:decimal

2.18.15 element variables_specifica= tion/progression

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

u= pward

enumeration

d= ownward

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4 (2)

Description

The movement of the torch, or the orientation of the weld joint, in relation to the direct= ion of gravity.

2.19&n= bsp; element welding_position

Diagram

=

Children

position    position_designation     progression_for_vertical=

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4, and AWS A3.0 Figures 16-20.

Description

AWS A3.0 definition: "The relationship between the weld pool, joint, joint members, and welding heat Source during welding."<= /o:p>

2.19.1 element welding_position/position

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

f= lat

enumeration

h= orizontal

enumeration

v= ertical

enumeration

o= verhead

enumeration

a= ll_positions(for PQRs)

Description

Nam= e of the position.

2.19.2 element welding_position/position_designation

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

1= F

enumeration

1= G

enumeration

2= F

enumeration

2= G

enumeration

4= F

enumeration

4= G

enumeration

5= F

enumeration

5= G

Source

AWS A3.0, Figures 16-20.

Description

The two-character abbreviation for the position.

2.19.3 element welding_position/progression_for_vertical

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

u= phill

enumeration

d= ownhill

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4 (2).

Description

Dir= ection of torch travel on a weld that is inclined away from the horizontal posit= ion.

2.20&n= bsp; element welding_procedure_specification

Diagram

=

Children

wps_number    joint_design    base_metal    filler_metal    heat_treatment shielding_gas_for_procedure    electrical_specification    variables_specification

Source

AWS B2.1, section 2.13.

Description

AWS A3.0 definition: "A document providing the required welding variables for a specific application..."

2.20.1 element welding_procedure_specification/wp= s_number

Type=

p:string

Source

Use= of WPS number appears in many suggested report forms, including AASHTO/AWS D1.5M:D1.5/2002, Form III-2, and AWS B4.0, Figure E14. =

Description

A unique alphanumeric identifier = for a specific WPS.

2.21&n= bsp; type welding_process_type

Diagram

=

Children

arc_welding_process     brazing_process     other_welding_process oxyfuel_gas_welding_process     allied_process     resistance_welding_process soldering_process     solid_state_welding_process<= /b>

Used By

element variables_specification/welding_process

Source

AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes.

Description

Bro= ad classification of the welding process.&n= bsp;

2.21.1 element welding_process_typ= e/arc_welding_process

Type=

arc_welding_processes

Values

enumeration

a= tomicHydrogenWelding(AHW)

enumeration

b= areMetalArcWelding(BMAW)

enumeration

c= arbonArcWelding(CAW)

enumeration

c= arbonArcWeldingGas(CAW-G)

enumeration

c= arbonArcWeldingShielded(CAW-S)

enumeration

e= lectrogasWelding(EGW)

enumeration

e= lectroSlagWelding(ESW)

enumeration

g= asMetalArcWelding(GMAW)

enumeration

g= asTungstenArcWelding(GTAW)

enumeration

p= lasmaArcWelding(PAW)

enumeration

s= hieldedMetalArcWelding(SMAW)

enumeration

s= tudArcWelding(SW)

enumeration

s= ubmergedArcWelding(SAW)

enumeration

s= ubmergedArcWeldingSeries(SAW-S)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.21.2 element welding_process_typ= e/brazing_process

Type=

brazing_processes

Values

enumeration

b= lock_brazing(BB)

enumeration

d= iffusion_brazing(CAB)

enumeration

d= ip_brazing(DB)

enumeration

e= xothermic_brazing(EXB)

enumeration

f= low_brazing(FLOW)

enumeration

f= urnace_brazing(FB)

enumeration

i= nduction_brazing(IB)

enumeration

i= nfrared_brazing(IRB)

enumeration

r= esistance_brazing(RB)

enumeration

t= orch_brazing(TB)

enumeration

t= win_carbon_arc_brazing(TCAB)

Description

See= AWS 3.0-94 p. 100, 101

2.21.3 element welding_process_typ= e/other_welding_process

Type=

other_welding_processes

Values

enumeration

e= lectron_beam_welding(EBW)

enumeration

e= lectroslag_welding(ESW)

enumeration

f= low_welding(FLOW)

enumeration

i= nduction_welding(IW)

enumeration

l= aser_beam_welding(LBW)

enumeration

p= ercussion_welding(PEW)

enumeration

t= hermite_welding(TW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.21.4 element welding_process_typ= e/oxyfuel_gas_welding_process

Type=

oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes

Values

enumeration

a= ir_acetylene_welding(AAW)

enumeration

o= xyacetylene_welding(OAW)

enumeration

o= xyhydrogen_welding(OHW)

enumeration

p= ressure_gas_welding(PGW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A – Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.21.5 element welding_process_typ= e/allied_process

Type=

allied_processes

Values

enumeration

o= xygen_cutting(OC)

enumeration

a= rc_cutting(AC)

enumeration

o= ther_cutting

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.21.6 element welding_process_typ= e/resistance_welding_process

Type=

resistance_welding_processes

Values

enumeration

f= lash_welding(FW)

enumeration

p= rojection_welding(PW)

enumeration

r= esistance_spot_welding(RSW)

enumeration

r= esistance_weam_welding(RSEW)

enumeration

u= pset_welding(UW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.21.7 element welding_process_typ= e/soldering_process

Type=

soldering_processes

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

2.21.8 element welding_process_typ= e/solid_state_welding_process

Type=

solid_state_welding_processes

Values

enumeration

c= oextrusion_welding(CEW)

enumeration

c= old_welding(CW)

enumeration

d= iffusion_welding(DFW)

enumeration

e= xplosion_welding(EXW)

enumeration

f= orge_welding(FOW)

enumeration

f= riction_welding(FRW)

enumeration

h= ot_pressure_welding(HPW)

enumeration

u= ltrasonic_welding(USW)

Description

See= AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes=

3. Testing and Inspection Data

Terms typically used in inspection applications that a= lready appear in the previous sections will not be duplicated in this section.   The scope is data that is essential to reporting results of tests.&n= bsp; In addition, some fields were added that are found on test results f= orms that are essential for record keeping and for tracing the source of results= . Example data are testing machine t= ype, model and serial number, technician running the test, and date of test.

The scope of this data dictionary addresses mechanical testing, but not non-destructive (e.g., Wel= ding Handbook, Vol. 1, p. 213), metallurgical or compositional testing. These ar= eas need to be documented for complete coverage of weld testing procedures and their results.

3.1&nb= sp; element bend_test_bend_radius

Diagram

=

Children

units    radius

Source

AWS B4.0, section A1-9(6)

Description

Rad= ius of the plunger or mandrel used in a bend test.

3.1.1 element bend_test_bend_radi= us/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

Description

Cho= ice of U.S. Customary or SI units.

3.1.2 element bend_test_bend_radi= us/radius

Type=

linear_dimension_type_mm

Description

The numerical value.

3.2&nb= sp; type= bend_test_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

t= ransverse_side_bend

enumeration

t= ransverse_face_bend

enumeration

t= ransverse_root_bend

enumeration

l= ongitudinal_face_bend

enumeration

l= ongitudinal_root_bend

enumeration

f= illet_weld_root_bend

enumeration

s= urfacing_weld_face_bend

enumeration

s= urfacing_weld_side_bend

Source

AWS B4.0, section A1-7

Description

Cla= ssification of bend test specified.

3.3&nb= sp; element fracture_crack_plane_orientation

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9

Description

Loc= ation of the fracture in relation to the weld.

3.4&nb= sp; element fracture_energy_absorbed

Diagram

=

Children

units     energy_absorbed

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9.1(10).

Description

In a fracture toughness test, the energy consumed in breaking the specimen.

3.4.1 element fracture_energy_abs= orbed/units

Diagram

=

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

j= oules

enumeration

f= oot_pounds

Description

Cho= ice of U.S. Customary or SI units.

3.4.2 element fracture_energy_abs= orbed/energy_absorbed

Type=

p:decimal

Description

The value of the test result.

3.5&nb= sp; element fracture_machine_notch_position

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9

Description

Loc= ation of the machined notch.

3.6&nb= sp; element fracture_specimen_location

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9

Description

Are= a of the weldment the specimen was cut from.

3.7&nb= sp; type fracture_toughness_test_methods

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

c= harpy_v_notch_E_23

enumeration

d= ynamic_tear_E_604

enumeration

p= lane_strain_E_399

enumeration

d= rop_weight_nil_ductility_temp_E_208

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3.1

Description

Nam= e of the specific ASTM test specified.

3.8&nb= sp; type fracture_type_of_test_equipment

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9

Description

Mec= hanical configuration of test machine used, to conform to a specified test method= .

3.9&nb= sp; element hardness_indentor

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section C2-9(7)

Description

Spe= cification for the indentor used in the test. = This is one data element of a test report.

3.10&n= bsp; element hardness_load

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS B4.0, section C2-9(7)

Description

The force load used in the test, units must be specified. This is one data element of a te= st report.

3.11&n= bsp; element hardness_location_of_impressions

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section C2-9(8)

Description

Des= cription of locations of multiple test impressions.

3.12&n= bsp; element hardness_test_result

Source

AWS B4.0, section C219.(10).

Description

The numerical hardness value obtained by the test.

3.13&n= bsp; element hardness_test_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

b= rinell_E_10

enumeration

r= ockwell_E_18

enumeration

v= ickers_E_92

enumeration

K= noop

enumeration

v= ickers_E_384

enumeration

p= ortable_hardness_E_110

enumeration

o= ther_rockwell

Source

AWS B4.0, section C2-4

Description

The name of the test specified or required.

3.14&n= bsp; element mechanical_test

Diagram

=

Children

test_type    specification_organization    specification_number     specification_version

Source

AWS B4.0:2000, ANSI/AWS A9.2.

Description

A destructive test done to determine properties of a weld.

3.14.1 element mechanical_test/test_type

Diagram

=

Type=

mechanical_tests

Children

test_name    applicable_weld_type

Description

Cat= egory of test required or performed.

3.14.2 element mechanical_test/specification_organization=

Type=

p:string

Source

ANS= I/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.1, 5.2.1.1, 5.3.1.1

3.14.3 element mechanical_test/specification_number

Type=

p:string

Source

ANS= I/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.2, 5.2.1.2, 5.3.1.2

3.14.4 element mechanical_test/specification_version

Type=

p:string

Source

ANS= I/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.3, 5.2.1.3, 5.3.1.3

Description

The version of the test method used.

3.15&n= bsp; type= mechanical_tests

Diagram

=

Children

test_name   a= pplicable_weld_type

Used By

element mechanical_test/test_type

Source

AWS B4.0:2000

Description

Nam= e of test type and the weld type being evaluated.

3.15.1 element mechanical_tests/test_name

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

b= end

enumeration

f= ace_bend

enumeration

r= oot_bend

enumeration

s= ide_bend

enumeration

t= ension

enumeration

f= racture_toughness

enumeration

l= ongitudinal_guided_bend

enumeration

s= oundness

enumeration

s= hear

enumeration

n= ick_break

enumeration

h= ardness

enumeration

s= tud_weld

enumeration

c= ontrolled thermal_severity

enumeration

c= ruciform

enumeration

i= mplant

enumeration

l= ehigh_restraint

enumeration

v= arestraint

enumeration

o= blique_y_groove

Source

AWS B4.0:2000

3.15.2 element mechanical_tests/applicable_weld_type

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

g= roove_weld

enumeration

f= illet_weld

enumeration

g= roove_and_fillet_welds

enumeration

s= tud_weld

enumeration

w= eldability_test

Description

AWS B4.0 classifies tests by weld Type, ie groove, fillet, stud, etc.

3.16&n= bsp; element nick_break_apparatus

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

f= racture_by_hammer

enumeration

l= oading_in_tension

enumeration

t= hree_point_bending

Source

AWS B4.0, section C1-6

Description

Typ= e of test performed

3.17&n= bsp; type shear_specimen_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

l= ongitudinal

enumeration

t= ransverse

Source

AWS B4.0, section B3-7

Description

Ori= entation of the specimen to that of the sampled weld.

3.18&n= bsp; element shear_test_shear_strength

Diagram

=

Children

units     shear_strength

Source

AWS B4.0, section B3-9(5)

Description

The numerical results from a shear test.

3.18.1 element shear_test_shear_strength/units

Type=

p:string

Description=

SI or U.S. customary units.

3.18.2 element shear_test_shear_strength/shear_st= rength

Type=

p:decimal

Description=

Numerical results of the test.

3.19&n= bsp; element shear_test_unit_shear_load

Diagram

=

Children

units     load

Source

AWS B4.0, section B3-9(4)

Description

Num= erical results of the test.

3.19.1 element shear_test_unit_shear_load/units

Type=

p:string

Description

Cho= ice of U.S. Customary or SI system.

3.19.2 element shear_test_unit_shear_load/load

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Num= erical value of the test result.

3.20&n= bsp; type soundness_test_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

f= illet_weld_break_proc_qual

enumeration

f= illet_weld_break_primer_coated_p_q

enumeration

f= illet_weld_break_galv_proc_qual

enumeration

f= illet_weld_break_welder_qual

enumeration

f= illet_weld_break_tack_welder_qual

Source

AWS B4.0, section B2-7

Description

Cri= terion for using the results of the test.

3.21&n= bsp; type tension_specimen_types

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

r= ound_all_weld_metal_type

enumeration

r= ound_transverse_type

enumeration

r= ectangular_transverse_type

enumeration

r= ectangular_longitudinal_type

enumeration

t= ubular_type

Source

AWS B4.0, section A2-7.

Description

Des= cription of shape of the specimen and where in the weld it was taken. <= /span>

3.22&n= bsp; element tension_test_data

Diagram

=

Children

strength_units   = linear_units ultima= te_tensile_strength   = yield_strength   = percent_elongation percent_reduction_of_area     stress_strain_Diagram_number      location_of_fracture mode_of_fracture     maximum_load    original_cross_sectional_area   = original_gage_length final_gage_length     type_of_failure

Source

AWS B4.0, section A2-4

Description

The physical quantities measured by testing a groove weld using ASTM procedur= es for tension testing.

3.22.1 element tension_test_data/strength_units

Type=

Enumeration of p:string

Description

Cho= ice of SI or U.S. Customary units.

3.22.2 element tension_test_data/linear_units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

Description

Cho= ice of SI or U.S. Customary units.

3.22.3 element tension_test_data/ultimate_tensile_strength

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Hig= hest engineering stress in the material before rupture.

3.22.4 element tension_test_data/yield_strength

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Max= imum stress that can be induced before the material goes plastic. <= /span>

3.22.5 element tension_test_data/percent_elongation

Type=

p:decimal

Description

A measure of ductility, the change in gage length divided by the original length times 100.

3.22.6 element tension_test_data/percent_reduction_of_area

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Dif= ference between the original cross sectional area and the smallest specimen cross section after testing.

3.22.7 element tension_test_data/stress_strain_Diagram_number

Type=

p:string

Description

Dra= wing number of the plot of stress versus strain test results.

3.22.8 element tension_test_data/location_of_fracture

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

u= naffected base metal

enumeration

w= eld metal

enumeration

h= eat affected zone

Description

Typ= e of material in the specimen where the fracture occurred. <= /p>

3.22.9 element tension_test_data/mode_of_fracture

Type=

p:string

Description

Mec= hanics of material deformation that caused the fracture.

3.22.10 element tension_test_data/maximum_load

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Max= imum force exerted on the specimen during the test.

3.22.11 element tension_test_data/original_cross_sectional_area

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Are= a of the specimen before testing.

3.22.12 element tension_test_data/original_gage_length

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Len= gth of the specimen before testing.

3.22.13 element tension_test_data/final_gage_length

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Spe= cimen length after testing, measured to determine elongation.

3.22.14 element tension_test_data/type_of_failure

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

d= uctile

enumeration

b= rittle

Source

AWS B4.0, section A2-9

Description=

Broad category of failure.

3.23&n= bsp; element test_fracture_appearance

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9

Description

Vis= ible evidence of the fracture.

3.24&n= bsp; element test_fracture_location

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A3-9.

Description

Are= a of failure relative to the weld.

3.25&n= bsp; element test_LGBTFW_angle_of_fracture

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section B1-9(6)

Description

Lon= gtitudinal guided-bend test for fillet welds, angle of fracture. <= /p>

3.26&n= bsp; element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity

Diagram

=

Children

type_of_discontinuity      size_of_discontinuity     location_of_discontinuity

Source

AWS B4.0, section B1-9(5).

Description

Des= cription of discontinuity caused by longitudinal guided-bend test for fillet welds= .

3.26.1 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity/type_of_= discontinuity

Diagram

=

Type=

p:string

Description

Typ= e of the failure.

3.26.2 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity/size_of_= discontinuity

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Edi= tor’s note: Is this a quantitative measure or observation of relative size? Need units specified if it is a measurement.

3.26.3 element test_LGBTFW_discont= inuity/location_of_discontinuity

Type=

p:string

Description

Loc= ation in relation to the weld.

3.27&n= bsp; element test_machine_serial_number

Type=

p:string

Description

Ser= ial number to identify the machine that produced the test results.

3.28&n= bsp; element test_number_of_specimens

Type=

p:integer

Source

AWS B4.0

Description

The number of specimens of a single weld required for a test.

3.29&n= bsp; element test_percent_elongation

Type=

p:decimal

Source

AWS B4.0, section A1, 1.4

Description

In a tension test, the ratio of the change in length to the initial length.

3.30&n= bsp; element test_postweld_mechanical_treatment

Type=

p:string

Description

Any= physical working of the weld specimen before testing.

3.31&n= bsp; element test_postweld_thermal_treatment

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A1-1.3

Description

Tim= es and temperatures of heat treatment after welding.   It is possible this element should be further decomposed if it's informati= on can be structured.

3.32&n= bsp; element test_specimen_dimensions

Diagram

=

Children

units    thickness    width

Source

AWS B4.0

Description

Dim= ensions of the specimen before testing. &nb= sp; Editor’s note: For specific Types of tests only?<= /span>

3.32.1 element test_specimen_dimen= sions/units

Diagram

=

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

m= illimeters

enumeration

i= nches

Description

Cho= ice of U.S. Customary or SI units.

3.32.2 element test_specimen_dimen= sions/thickness

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Thi= ckness of the specimen before testing.

3.32.3 element test_specimen_dimen= sions/width

Type=

p:decimal

Description

Wid= th of the specimen before testing.

3.33&n= bsp; element test_specimen_location

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS B4.0, section A1, 1.3, 1.4

Description

Whe= re in the weldment/joint/weld the specimen was cut.

3.34&n= bsp; element test_specimen_orientation

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

l= ongitudinal

enumeration

t= ransverse

Source

AWS B4.0M, p. 1

Description

The relationship of the axis of the test specimen to the axis of the weld.

3.35&n= bsp; element test_technician_name

Type=

p:string

Source

Tak= en from an example of an industry test report.

Description

Nam= e of the person who conducted a test.

3.36&n= bsp; type= test_temperature

Diagram

=

Children

units    temperature

Source

AWS B4.0

Description

Tem= perature of a specimen at the time of test.

3.36.1 element test_temperature/units

Type=

enumeration of p:string

Values

enumeration

d= egrees_celsius

enumeration

d= egrees_fahrenheit

Description

Cho= ice of SI or U.S. Customary units celsius or fahrenheit.

3.36.2 element test_temperature/temperature

Type=

p:decimal

&= nbsp;

&= nbsp;

Acknowledgments

The technical information came primarily from American Welding Society documents that were generated by hundreds of experts in div= erse fields. This document is an extension of two 1992 AWS documents, “A9.1” and “A9.2R= 21; that were written by the AWS A9 committee then chaired by Jerry E. Jones.   Tom Siewert has for some tim= e encouraged the pursuit of a standard data specification for welding data.   Tim Quinn had extensive tech= nical input to this document. Chris= topher Pepper helped edit the document.

Appendices

Appendix 1 – Items to Add in Next Editio= n of Data Dictionary

Design

or opt= ional conditions.

These would be used in a visual inspection report.

<= /span>

parameters and results.

Note – AWS D14.6

Appendix 2 - Tasks for data modelers

This data di= ctionary is not sufficiently rich to specify a data base design or a data format. Some of the tasks needed for detai= led design are listed below.

Th= is will be the job of data modelers.&nbs= p; They will test the data model for completeness by using scenari= os of data flow from industrial welding facilities.

Harmonize the AWS data model with = any that may be developed in specific industries.   The “CIMSteel Integration Standard”, described at http://www.cis2.org, and http://www.coa.gatech.edu/~aisc/ is an example.

Specify optional and required data= that is dependent on other data – e.g., if base metal is a tube, then “diameter” is required information. For example, if the process is automatic GMAW, gas composition is required data and an electrode size= is incorrect data.   For example, if “backing_used” is true, then there must be dat= a in “backing_type” – if “backing_used” is fa= lse, there cannot be data in the “backing_type” field.

Allow users to deal easily and unambiguously with U.S. Customary and/or SI units, and also within eac= h of these, a choice of multiple unit scales, e.g., for linear speed, inches/second or feet/minute.

Decide whether to specify enumerat= ions or to allow free use of text fields.&= nbsp; E.g., joint types could be a string field, or an single choice among enumerated values in the specification.

Specify data types to handle e.g., min/max values of variables in SWPSs and PQRs.   Also specify actual ran= ges that are legal or allowed if appropriate.

Modularize definitions for maximum= reuse in different report forms, and also to reduce the number of elements to aid understandability.   For example, many fields from WPSs are used in mechanical test results forms in reporting the processes and weld design that produced= the weld.

Pick encoding options to allow ext= ensibility of data, to allow for conditions not anticipated by the modelers, or to use data unique to a company or a proprietary process. However users are encouraged = to fit their applications within the guidelines of the data models as much as possible, minimizing their use of “other” data types.

Fine tune definitions and rules for specific standard reports, e.g., mechanical testing results.

Eliminate duplicate items, in the interest of computational efficiency and understandability.

If an effort= goes forward to develop formal data schema, the modelers will cooperate with mem= bers of the various AWS committees that authored standards documents to ensure correct interpretation of the data, use of familiar terms, and design of comprehensive and unambiguous enumerations where appropriate.

Add data elements that welding exp= erts deem required, that are not specified in the AWS documents. E.g., some companies record t= he serial number of the testing machine used, and the name of the testing technician. <= /span>

Pick default values from the enume= rated choices (a very detailed decision).

Appendix 3 – The BIG PICTURE of welding = data exchange

&nbs= p;

Modularization of welding specifications (instead of pursuing all these areas in a single effort) will speed progress in each smaller area, and allow experts to contribute their knowledge in narrower a= reas more efficiently.

Many manufacturing industries share welding as a fabrica= tion process. The data dictionary helps define w= elding variables centrally so the industries can “borrow” them, instea= d of each industry developing their own definitions.   The goal is to avoid develop= ment of different “dialects” of data formats that the welding indust= ry would have to accommodate.

Appendix 4 – Terminology differences bet= ween ISO and AWS

1.      ISO does not use the word “flange” in describing joints.   It uses “edges turned up”.

2.      ISO does not describe “g= roove welds”. It uses “= butt weld” hyphenated with the name of the groove type. =

&= nbsp;

Diagram	=
Children	joint_design weld_sizes number_of_passes
Used By	element connection
Source	No standards Source for this parameter. See definition of "we= lding variable" in AWS B2.1.
Description	Inf= ormation describing the joint and the geometric parameters of the designed weld. <= o:p>

Type=	p:integer
Description	Num= ber of times needed to deposit weld metal to complete the weld.

Diagram	=
Children	units size = actual_throat = effective_throat leg1_and_size = leg2_and_size theore= tical_throat convexity&nbs= p; concavity incomplete_fusion depth_of_fusion
Used By	element weld_details
Source	AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
Description	Lin= ear dimensions of cross sectional weld features. Sizes are of design and ac= tual features.

Children	One or more instances of sub_assembly
Source	AWS A3.0
Description	&qu= ot;An assembly whose component parts are joined by welding"

Diagram	=
Children	current_value = voltage_value = other_reference_work_value current_type polarity transfer_mode = tungsten_electrode_specification tungsten_electrode_classification tungsten_electrode_diameter
Used By	element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8
Description	For= arc welding only, the values and types of current used.

Type=	linear_dimension_type_mm
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8
Description	Dia= meter of the electrode.

Diagram	=
Children	filler_form classi= fication specif= ication size_o= r_diameter nomina= l_composition f_numb= er a_number = ; flux_classification = supplemental_filler_metal consumable_insert consumable_insert_type consumable_guide supplemental_deoxidant
Used By	element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>
Source	AWS B2.1, Section 2.13.3
Description	AWS A3.0 definition: "Meta= l or alloy added in making a ... joint".

Type=	p:s= tring
Description	Spe= cification of a filler metal used in addition to a consumable electrode. =

Diagram	=
Children	gas_chemical_name gas_percentage
Used By	type shielding_gas_type
Source	ANS= I/AWS A9.1, section 5.1.7
Description	A single gas element of a mixture and its percentage of the mixture by weig= ht.

Diagram	=
Children	preweld_temperature preweld_time max_interpass_temperature PWHT_minimum_temperature PWHT_maximum_termperature PWHT_hold_time
Used By	element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.6. Discu= ssion of preheat in Welding Handbook, V2, pp. 206, 253-255
Description	Des= cription of the heating of a joint (if required) before or after welding, or of maximum or minimum required temperatures to be maintained during welding = to improve or maintain desireable properties of the base metal or of the wel= d.

Diagram	=
Children	preheat_minimum_temperature = interpass_temperature_maximum preheat_maintenance
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5
Description	Req= uirement for temperature of the base metal in the welding area immediately before = welding, and requirement between weld passes. <= /o:p>

Diagram	=
Children	use_torch_shielding_gas torch_shielding_gas torch_shielding_gas_flowrate use_backing_gas backing_gas backing_gas_flowrate use_trailing_gas tra= iling_shielding_gas trailing_shielding_gas_flowrate
Used By	element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.7
Description	Des= cription of applicable gas composition and flowrates, including torch gas shieldin= g, backing gas, and trailing gas.

Diagram	=
Children	welding_process = method_of_application = electrode_configuration number_of_passes contact_tube_to_work_distance = stickout = cleaning_requirement flux peening_requirement = weld_bead_type = travel_speed = travel_angle = work_angle = wire_feed_speed = progression
Used By	element welding_procedure_specification<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9
Description	Det= ailed information in a WPS that supplements the basic parameters.

Diagram	=
Children	number_of_electrodes electrode_spacing
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9(2)
Description	For non-manual welding, use of single or multiple electrodes

Diagram	=
Children	units spacing
Description=	Distance between electrodes at point of entry = to the weld pool, measured from center to center.

Diagram	=
Children	single_or_multipass passes
Description	Num= ber of times a weld bead is laid down in a joint.

Diagram	=
Children	specification common_name
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.1.5
Description	Spe= cification of the flux required or used.

Diagram	=
Children	units speed
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9
Description	Spe= ed of the torch during welding.

Diagram	=
Children	push_or_drag angle
Source	AWS A9.1, section 5.2.5.9.
Description	AWS A3.0 definition: "The angle between a line perpendicular to the major workpiece surface and a plane determined by the electrode axis and the we= ld axis"

Diagram	=
Children	position position_designation progression_for_vertical=
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4, and AWS A3.0 Figures 16-20.
Description	AWS A3.0 definition: "The relationship between the weld pool, joint, joint members, and welding heat Source during welding."<= /o:p>

A Welding Data Dictionary

1.1&nb= sp; element base_metal

1.1.1 element base_metal/common_name

1.1.2 element base_metal/m_number

1.1.3 element base_metal/group_number

1.1.4 element base_metal/product_form

1.1.5 element base_metal/thickness

1.1.6 element base_metal/diameter

1.1.7 element base_metal/specification_number

1.1.8 element base_metal/specification_version

1.1.9 element base_metal/specification_organization

1.1.10 element base_metal/UNS_number

1.1.11 element base_metal/CAS_number

1.1.12 element base_metal/heat-lot_identification

1.1.13 element base_metal/composition

1.1.14 element base_metal/manufacturing_history

1.1.15 element base_metal/service_history

1.1.16 element base_metal/applied_coating_specification

1.2&nb= sp; element connection

1.2.1 element connection/joint_type

1.2.2 element connection/weld

1.3&nb= sp; type= edge_shapes

1.4&nb= sp; element joint_design

1.4.2 element joint_design/backing_description

1.4.3 element joint_design/sketch_number

1.5&nb= sp; element joint_penetration

1.5.1 element joint_penetration/complete_or_partial

1.5.2 element joint_penetration/units

1.5.3 element joint_penetration/root_penetration

1.5.4 element joint_penetration/groove_weld_size

1.5.5 element joint_penetration/incomplete_joint_penetration

1.5.6 element joint_penetration/weld_size

1.5.7 element joint_penetration/weld_size_E1

1.5.8 element joint_penetration/weld_size_E2

1.5.9 element joint_penetration/depth_of_fusion

1.6&nb= sp; type= joint_types

1.7&nb= sp; type linear_dimension_range_type

1.7.1 element linear_dimension_range_type/units<= /b>

1.7.2 element linear_dimension_ra= nge_type/minimum

1.7.3 element linear_dimension_range_type/maximu= m

1.8&nb= sp; type linear_dimension_type_mm

1.8.1 element linear_dimension_ty= pe_mm/units

1.8.2 element linear_dimension_ty= pe_mm/dimension

1.9&nb= sp; element sub_assembly

1.10&n= bsp; element weld_details

1.10.1 element weld_details/number_of_passes

1.11&n= bsp; element weld_sizes

1.11.1 element weld_sizes/units

1.11.2 element weld_sizes/size

1.11.3 element weld_sizes/actual_throat

1.11.4 element weld_sizes/effective_throat

1.11.5 element weld_sizes/leg1_and_Size

1.11.6 element weld_sizes/leg2_and_size

1.11.7 element weld_sizes/theoretical_throat

1.11.8 element weld_sizes/convexity

1.11.9 element weld_sizes/concavity

1.11.10 element weld_sizes/incomplete_fusion

1.11.11 element weld_sizes/depth_of_fusion

1.12&n= bsp; element weldment

1.13&n= bsp; element workpiece

1.14&n= bsp; type= weld_types

2. Welding Process Data

2.1&nb= sp; type= allied_processes

2.2&nb= sp; type arc_welding_processes

2.3&nb= sp; type= brazing_processes

2.4&nb= sp; element electrical_specification

2.4.1 element electrical_specific= ation/current_value

2.4.2 element electrical_specific= ation/voltage_value

2.4.3 element electrical_specific= ation/other_reference_work_value

2.4.4 element electrical_specific= ation/current_type

2.4.5 element electrical_specific= ation/polarity

2.4.6 element electrical_specific= ation/transfer_mode

2.4.7 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_specification<= /h3> Type= p:string Source AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8, and AWS A5.12. Description Des= cription of the electrode’s chemical composition, and length and diameter. <= o:p>

2.4.8 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_classification=

2.4.9 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_diameter

2.5&nb= sp; element filler_metal

2.5.1 element filler_metal/filler_form

2.5.2 element filler_metal/classification

2.5.3 element filler_metal/specification

2.5.4 element filler_metal/size_or_diameter

2.4.7 element electrical_specific= ation/tungsten_electrode_specification<= /h3>

Type=

p:string

Source

AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8, and AWS A5.12.

Description

Des= cription of the electrode’s chemical composition, and length and diameter. <= o:p>

Diagram	=
Children	wps_number joint_design base_metal filler_metal heat_treatment shielding_gas_for_procedure electrical_specification variables_specification
Source	AWS B2.1, section 2.13.
Description	AWS A3.0 definition: "A document providing the required welding variables for a specific application..."

Diagram	=
Children	arc_welding_process brazing_process other_welding_process oxyfuel_gas_welding_process allied_process resistance_welding_process soldering_process solid_state_welding_process<= /b>
Used By	element variables_specification/welding_process
Source	AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes.
Description	Bro= ad classification of the welding process.&n= bsp;

Diagram	=
Children	units radius
Source	AWS B4.0, section A1-9(6)
Description	Rad= ius of the plunger or mandrel used in a bend test.

Diagram	=
Children	units energy_absorbed
Source	AWS B4.0, section A3-9.1(10).
Description	In a fracture toughness test, the energy consumed in breaking the specimen.

Source	AWS B4.0, section C219.(10).
Description	The numerical hardness value obtained by the test.

Diagram	=
Children	test_type specification_organization specification_number specification_version
Source	AWS B4.0:2000, ANSI/AWS A9.2.
Description	A destructive test done to determine properties of a weld.

Type=	p:string
Source	ANS= I/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.1, 5.2.1.1, 5.3.1.1

Diagram	=
Children	test_name a= pplicable_weld_type
Used By	element mechanical_test/test_type
Source	AWS B4.0:2000
Description	Nam= e of test type and the weld type being evaluated.

Diagram	=
Children	units shear_strength
Source	AWS B4.0, section B3-9(5)
Description	The numerical results from a shear test.

Diagram	=
Children	units load
Source	AWS B4.0, section B3-9(4)
Description	Num= erical results of the test.